Tuesday, February 01, 2011

Betting on China Crash

The rumblings of an imminent Chinese crash are getting louder by the day...giving an eerie feeling that something too big is so close that we're not able to see it!

Consider this article in Telegraph a couple of weeks back, which says how many hedge funds are now betting that China would crash sometime soon. It says:

"One academic said: “Economists have contrarian views all the time. But these hedge funds have their shirts on the line and do their analysis carefully. The flurry of 'distress China’ funds is a sign to sit up.” ...A recent study by Fitch concluded that if China’s growth falls to 5pc this year rather than the expected 10pc, global commodity prices would plunge by as much as 20pc."

This is understandably so, given the huge amount of fears from Inflation, asset bubbles (especially real estate) and uncontrolled lending spree by the banks. Its not as if China is not aware of these issues...or not working on them. It has been tightening its bank's reserve ratios to absorb excess liquidity available with the banks. It has been buying European Union's debt to prop up Euro against the dollar and also yuan (Chinese currency). Keeping yuan lower with respect to Euro will help China in boosting their exports to Europe and give them some breathing space in terms of trade deficit (Exports - Imports).

The article further says:

"According to Corriente (Advisors), China has consumed just 65pc of the cement it has produced in five years, after exports. The country is outputting more steel than the world’s next seven largest producers combined. It has 200m tons of excess capacity. In property, Corriente said it had found an excess of 3.3bn square meters of floor space in China – yet 200m square meters of new space is being constructed each year."

Besides, Chinese real estate bubble is fairly well documented...an average apartment in Shanghai costs more than 22 times of disposable income there...making it beyond reach for most people. HK was recently reported as the costliest city in the world for housing. Despite several efforts to curb speculations on housing, China has been able to achieve little by way of increases in reserve ratios. However, recently it has put up a property tax for the first time...(read here). But with the rate at about 0.6%, it looks like a case of too little too late.

Take a look at another recent article in Telegraph that talks about how the real estate bubble could be growing bigger in China. The article mentions:

"The property tax would have "a big psychological effect on potential home buyers," said Ge Haifeng, head of research at China Real Estate Index System in Beijing. "China's housing market may get really quiet in coming months," he said. "

Big Impact !! A 0.6% property tax rate? In India, retail investors pay that much as brokerage (each leg) for all equity transactions ! Does that kind of rate stop them from trading? I don't think so...In India, property tax rates are fairly high and vary from state to state...and to me, a 10% + service tax (of 2%) is a normal rate for property taxes....that's how much people pay in India as their property tax...8-15% of property value...and it still does not stop people from speculating. And many Chinese, who are traditionally gamble-happy people, are expected to stop speculating the housing market because of a 0.6% property tax ! Let's just say, this is being made up to send a message to the markets that a lot is being done to keep bubbles in control...but obviously, the markets are not impressed.

I think this is more likely a warning signal to speculators to move out of the market and not get caught with their open positions when the rates are increased. The idea in such a case would probably be to remove the panic from the market when property rates are raised further, and thus ensure that a crash in real estate prices would not happen. But how it actually unfolds, only time will tell.

Chinese Automakers are also facing tough times with restrictions on selling cars being put up in most populous Chinese cities to reduce traffic jams. It'll again have a cascading effect as the automobile ancillary units are also an industry in themselves and will suffer major losses due to loss of revenue.
Also, with China talking of "no need for yuan to appreciate" since exports will slow down in 2011, it looks like even the pretense of letting yuan come up over a period of time is over now. This is not going to help the geo-political equations, look forward to comments from the US.

Even the credit default swaps (CDS) rates - the instruments through which people bet for a sovereign nation defaulting on payment of its debt, have been increasing for China...it means that more and more people are buying these instruments at ever higher prices, in the belief that when Chinese economy really looks weak, or even tumbles, they'll make a handsome gain on these investments. I have a rather dated article mentioning this, take a look at that here.

Will China really go bust? Its difficult to predict, given the fact that we don't even know that the numbers that we're talking about are true or not (these are, and can be massaged by government agencies). China's public debt is reportedly just about 20% of its GDP compared with 40% for India, 60% of US and nearly 200% for Japan. It can no doubt continue to build bridges to nowhere for some more time, and hoard gold to protect itself from a dollar bust scenario, but eventually, all this lending spree and housing bubbles have gotta give...and they will. But when? Now, that's a trillion dollar question!

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